SURPLUS WORK DEMONSTRATION MODEL TWO TYPES OF ACTUATORS The diamond-shaped actuator shown in FIGURE 2 has been tested by several scientist/engineers, all observing an efficiency advantage >15% over the cylindrical actuator shown in FIGURE 1. (Pages six to twelve contain scientific observations.) The advantage is gained via the pressure applied on the four moving walls of the diamond-shaped actuator compared to the single moving boundary face of the cylindrical actuator. The diamond-shaped actuator uses slightly less fluid, at the same pressure, as the comparable cylindrical actuator, accomplishing >15% more work. POWER RELATIONSHIP OF OPPOSING ACTUATORS FIGURE 3 illustrates two opposing identical cylindrical actuators. If both actuators receive fluid at the same pressure, the opposing forces on the two shafts are identical; therefore, they are in a state of equilibrium. Three different approaches, causing one actuator to exert 15% more force, on its shaft, than an opposing actuator are: (1) Provide fluid at a 15% greater pressure than the opposing actuator receives. (FIGURE 4) (2) Replace the actuator with a 15% larger actuator, thus consuming 15% more fluid. (3) Increase the efficiency of the actuator, over the other, by 15%. This is achieved when replacing one with a diamond-shaped actuator, that is shown in FIGURE 2 and illustrated in FIGURE 5. FIGURE 2 DIAMOND-SHAPED ACTUATOR FIGURE 3 TWO IDENTICAL AND OPPOSING CYLINDRICAL ACTUATORS FIGURE 1 CYLINDRICAL ACTUATOR SHAFT SHAFT PRESSURE SOURCE 10 PSIG FORCE=X FORCE=Y X = Y (NO NET WORK ACHIEVED) EQUILIBRIUM POINT 10 PSIG 15 10 20 5 25 0 30 15 10 20 5 25 0 30 15 10 20 5 25 0 30 13.261
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