F1 10 IN² ACTUATOR EFFICIENCY COMPARISON A PISTON TO A DIAMOND-SHAPED ACTUATOR (DSA) SCENARIO ONE (A PISTON OPPOSING A PISTON) 10PSIG PRESSURE SOURCE 10 PSIG PRESSURE SOURCE VALVE CLOSED OPEN VALVE VALVE OPEN V1 V2 V1 V2 12 IN² BOUNDARY FACE PISTON ONE F1 F2 START 10 IN² BOUNDARY FACE PISTON TWO PISTON ONE F1 F2 1" TRAVEL PISTON TWO SCENARIO TWO (A DSA OPPOSING A PISTON) 10 PSIG PRESSURE SOURCE WALLS= 1" X 10" V1 10 IN² F1 VALVE CLOSED V2 F2 OPEN VALVE V1 10 PSIG PRESSURE SOURCE VALVE OPEN V2 EACH (DSA) WALL START 10 IN² DSA 1" TRAVEL PISTON TWO VOLUME ONE (V1) CHANGE VOLUME TWO (V2) CHANGE FORCE ONE (F1) = 9.99 IN³ = 10 IN³ =120 POUNDS TRAVEL IS EQUAL FOR THE DSA AND THE PISTON. FORCETWO ( F2) =100 POUNDS COMPARISON -1- Piston one and the (DSA) both displace 10 IN³ of fluid from piston two during these actions. -2- Piston one and the DSA each exert a 120 pounds of force against the 100-pound counterforce of piston two. -3- Piston one requires 20% more fluid than the volume displaced from piston two during this action. (2 IN³ more must be added.) -4- The DSA requires .01% less fluid than the volume displaced from piston two during this action. (.01IN³ must exit.) -5- Piston one cannot satisfy its fluid volume requirement with the displaced fluid of piston two. -6- The DSA can satisfy its total fluid volume requirement with the displaced fluid of piston two with surplus fluid available. -7- Part of the DSA's 20% surplus work must overcome the system's power requirements and frictional losses, while running itself. -8- The remaining power can generate external mechanical work such as driving a generator to produce electricity. 15.330 =12 IN³ VOLUME ONE (V1) CHANGE VOLUME TWO (V2) CHANGE FORCE ONE (F1) =10 IN³ =120 POUNDS FORCE TWO (F2) =100 POUNDS TRAVEL IS EQUAL FOR BOTH PISTONS. PSIG (Pounds per square inch gauge) F1 F2 BOUNDARY FACE PISTON TWO
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